Chinese Grammar Points

了

了 (le): Completed Actions

了 after a verb marks a completed action, not past tense. It normally does not appear with future time words for one-off future events, and it is not used for habitual or ongoing states.

个

Measure Words: 个 and Its Limits

Every counted noun in Chinese needs a measure word. 个 is the general default, but many nouns require a specific one: 台 for machines, 本 for books, 张 for flat objects, 条 for long thin things.

把

The 把 (bǎ) Sentence

The 把 sentence moves the object before the verb to emphasize what happens to it. Use it when an action changes, moves, or disposes of a specific object. The verb can never stand alone — it needs a complement such as 了, 在, 到 or a result.