此外 as a Discourse Addition in Chinese
此外
此外 adds another point to information already presented, especially in organized exposition or formal speech. It commonly appears at the beginning of a new sentence or clause and may pair with 还 or 也. It signals discourse-level addition, not physical location, exception, or the simple coordination of two noun phrases.
Published July 24, 2026
Reviewed July 24, 2026
01 / PATTERN
See the Structure
MODEL
Statement. 此外，(subject) + 还/也 + additional statement
Read the structure
此外 adds another point to information already presented, especially in organized exposition or formal speech. It commonly appears at the beginning of a new sentence or clause and may pair with 还 or 也. It signals discourse-level addition, not physical location, exception, or the simple coordination of two noun phrases. Keep the model Statement. 此外，(subject) + 还/也 + additional statement visible while you compare each sentence.
这家店价格合理。此外，服务也很好。
This shop has reasonable prices. In addition, its service is good.
Choose the right context
Add a separate supporting fact, feature, or consideration to prior discourse. Place 此外 at the start of the added clause or sentence. Use 此外…还/也… when the later adverb naturally scopes over the added predicate.
我们要检查数据。此外，还要确认时间。
We need to check the data. In addition, we must confirm the time.
Respect the boundary
Do not use it as a noun meaning a physical place outside something. Do not use it to introduce an exception to a set. Do not insert aspect particles directly after 此外.
此外，还我们提供免费材料。
(In addition, we provide free materials.)
Repair the pattern
Placing 还 before the subject after 此外: When the subject is stated, it normally precedes the adverb 还: 此外，我们还提供…. Attaching the aspect particle 了 to 此外: 此外 is a discourse connective, not an event verb. It cannot take the aspect particle 了.
此外，我们还提供免费材料。
Use the repaired structure without changing the intended meaning.
02 / MAP
Read the Sentence
Read from left to right and notice the job performed by each part. The labels describe this example; they are not a rule that every Chinese sentence must copy.
这家店价格合理。此外，服务也很好。
This shop has reasonable prices. In addition, its service is good.
这
Statement. 此外，(subject)
This part occupies the Statement. 此外，(subject) position in the model pattern.
家
还/也
This part occupies the 还/也 position in the model pattern.
店
additional statement
This part occupies the additional statement position in the model pattern.
价格
Statement. 此外，(subject)
This part occupies the Statement. 此外，(subject) position in the model pattern.
合理
还/也
This part occupies the 还/也 position in the model pattern.
此外
additional statement
This part occupies the additional statement position in the model pattern.
，
Statement. 此外，(subject)
This part occupies the Statement. 此外，(subject) position in the model pattern.
服务
还/也
This part occupies the 还/也 position in the model pattern.
也
additional statement
This part occupies the additional statement position in the model pattern.
很好
Statement. 此外，(subject)
This part occupies the Statement. 此外，(subject) position in the model pattern.
03 / EXAMPLES
Examples You Can Reuse
Keep the structure stable while changing the people, objects, times, or conditions. Pinyin is shown as reading support; use the Chinese sentence and translation to confirm the grammar relationship.
这家店价格合理。此外，服务也很好。
This shop has reasonable prices. In addition, its service is good.
我们要检查数据。此外，还要确认时间。
We need to check the data. In addition, we must confirm the time.
课程包括听力练习，此外也有写作训练。
The course includes listening practice and also has writing training.
04 / LIMITS
When to Use It — and When Not To
Use it when
- Add a separate supporting fact, feature, or consideration to prior discourse.
- Place 此外 at the start of the added clause or sentence.
- Use 此外…还/也… when the later adverb naturally scopes over the added predicate.
Do not use it when
- Do not use it as a noun meaning a physical place outside something.
- Do not use it to introduce an exception to a set.
- Do not insert aspect particles directly after 此外.
05 / REPAIR
Compare Right and Wrong
Compare the smallest meaningful change. Each explanation identifies a placement, scope, form, or clause relationship instead of treating the whole sentence as one undifferentiated mistake.
此外，还我们提供免费材料。
此外，我们还提供免费材料。
Placing 还 before the subject after 此外
When the subject is stated, it normally precedes the adverb 还: 此外，我们还提供….
此外了，学校也开设晚间课程。
此外，学校也开设晚间课程。
Attaching the aspect particle 了 to 此外
此外 is a discourse connective, not an event verb. It cannot take the aspect particle 了.
此外，还我们提供免费材料。
Put the subject before 还: 此外，我们还提供….
此外了，学校也开设晚间课程。
此外 cannot take the aspect particle 了.
06 / PRACTICE
Practice the Grammar Point
Complete three short tasks in order: judge the pattern, repair a common error, and build the sentence. Feedback is fixed and reviewed, so these activities do not use a checker allowance.
1. Judge the sentence
2. Choose the correction
3. Build the sentence
Build a complete sentence with 此外.
07 / APPLY
Apply It in Your Sentence
Write one original sentence with 此外. Your draft moves to the checker through this browser session, selects this grammar point as the first review focus, and waits for you to submit.
08 / QUESTIONS
此外 as a Discourse Addition Questions
How is 此外 different from 除此之外?
Both can add another point, but 此外 is a compact discourse connective. 除此之外 transparently means beyond this and can more readily participate in broader except/besides structures.
Must 此外 be followed by 还 or 也?
No. It can introduce the added clause by itself, though corpus evidence shows 此外…还 and 此外…也 as common connective pairings.
09 / SOURCES
Sources and Review Notes
These references support different parts of the lesson. GF0025-2021 supports level placement only; professional grammar works support the explanation, limits, examples, and cross-checks. Their inclusion does not imply endorsement.
Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education (GF0025-2021)
Ministry of Education and State Language Commission · Ministry of Education of the PRC · 2021
Locator: Appendix A, A.4.3 连词, 【四20】此外, PDF p. 213
Places 此外 in the official Level 4 conjunction inventory.
Official source基于语料库的关联词搭配研究
张文贤、邱立坤 · 世界汉语教学 · 2007
Locator: §3.2.2–§4, printed pp. 68–70; examples (24) and corpus discussion
Supports 此外 as a sentence-initial discourse connective linking prior text to an added clause and records 此外…还/也 collocations.
Official source10 / CONTINUE
Continue with a Connected Rule
Easy to confuse
除此之外除此之外 (chúcǐ zhīwài)
Compare compact 此外 with the transparent discourse expression 除此之外 for adding another point.
Easy to confuse
除了…（以外）…除了...以外 Word Order
Distinguish a discourse addition from the 除了…以外 frame that marks inclusion or exception.
Compare
况且况且: Moreover / Besides
此外 adds another point neutrally, while 况且 often adds a reason with argumentative force.
Continue learning
不仅/不光…还/而且…不仅...而且... (bùjǐn...érqiě)
Develop a simple added point into an explicit paired not-only-but-also progression.
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Easy to confuse
Compare compact 此外 with the transparent discourse expression 除此之外 for adding another point.